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- Economy
-
- Overview: Burma is one of the poorest countries in Asia,
- with a per capita GDP of about $280. The government reports
- negligible growth for FY88. The nation has been unable
- to achieve any significant improvement in export earnings
- because of falling prices for many of its major commodity
- exports. For rice, traditionally the most important export,
- the drop in world prices has been accompanied by shrinking
- markets and a smaller volume of sales. In 1985 teak replaced
- rice as the largest export and continues to hold this position.
- The economy is heavily dependent on the agricultural sector,
- which generates about 40% of GDP and provides employment
- for more than 65% of the work force.
-
- GDP: $11.0 billion, per capita $280; real growth rate 0.2%
- (FY88 est.).
-
- Inflation rate (consumer prices): 22.6% (FY89 est.).
-
- Unemployment rate: 10.4% in urban areas (FY87).
-
- Budget: revenues $4.9 billion; expenditures $5.0 billion,
- including capital expenditures of $0.7 billion (FY89 est.).
-
- Exports: $311 million (f.o.b., FY88 est.) commodities--teak,
- rice, oilseed, metals, rubber, gems; partners--Southeast
- Asia, India, China, EC, Africa.
-
- Imports: $536 million (c.i.f., FY88 est.) commodities--machinery,
- transport equipment, chemicals, food products; partners--Japan,
- EC, CEMA, China, Southeast Asia.
-
- External debt: $5.6 billion (December 1989 est.).
-
- Industrial production: growth rate - 1.5% (FY88).
-
- Electricity: 950,000 kW capacity; 2,900 million kWh produced,
- 70 kWh per capita (1989).
-
- Industries: agricultural processing; textiles and footwear;
- wood and wood products; petroleum refining; mining of copper,
- tin, tungsten, iron; construction materials; pharmaceuticals;
- fertilizer.
-
- Agriculture: accounts for about 40% of GDP (including fish
- and forestry); self-sufficient in food; principal crops--paddy
- rice, corn, oilseed, sugarcane, pulses; world's largest
- stand of hardwood trees; rice and teak account for 55% of
- export revenues; 1985 fish catch of 644 million metric tons.
-
- Illicit drugs: world's largest illicit producer of opium
- poppy and minor producer of cannabis for the international
- drug trade; opium production is on the increase as growers
- respond to the collapse of Rangoon's antinarcotic programs.
-
- Aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-88), $158 million;
- Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
- (1970-87), $3.8 billion; Communist countries (1970-88),
- $424 million.
-
- Currency: kyat (plural--kyats); 1 kyat (K) = 100 pyas.
-
- Exchange rates: kyats (K) per US$1--6.5188 (January 1990),
- 6.7049 (1989), 6.3945 (1988), 6.6535 (1987), 7.3304 (1986),
- 8.4749 (1985).
-
- Fiscal year: 1 April-31 March.
-