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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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burma.4
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1991-04-07
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Economy
Overview: Burma is one of the poorest countries in Asia,
with a per capita GDP of about $280. The government reports
negligible growth for FY88. The nation has been unable
to achieve any significant improvement in export earnings
because of falling prices for many of its major commodity
exports. For rice, traditionally the most important export,
the drop in world prices has been accompanied by shrinking
markets and a smaller volume of sales. In 1985 teak replaced
rice as the largest export and continues to hold this position.
The economy is heavily dependent on the agricultural sector,
which generates about 40% of GDP and provides employment
for more than 65% of the work force.
GDP: $11.0 billion, per capita $280; real growth rate 0.2%
(FY88 est.).
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 22.6% (FY89 est.).
Unemployment rate: 10.4% in urban areas (FY87).
Budget: revenues $4.9 billion; expenditures $5.0 billion,
including capital expenditures of $0.7 billion (FY89 est.).
Exports: $311 million (f.o.b., FY88 est.) commodities--teak,
rice, oilseed, metals, rubber, gems; partners--Southeast
Asia, India, China, EC, Africa.
Imports: $536 million (c.i.f., FY88 est.) commodities--machinery,
transport equipment, chemicals, food products; partners--Japan,
EC, CEMA, China, Southeast Asia.
External debt: $5.6 billion (December 1989 est.).
Industrial production: growth rate - 1.5% (FY88).
Electricity: 950,000 kW capacity; 2,900 million kWh produced,
70 kWh per capita (1989).
Industries: agricultural processing; textiles and footwear;
wood and wood products; petroleum refining; mining of copper,
tin, tungsten, iron; construction materials; pharmaceuticals;
fertilizer.
Agriculture: accounts for about 40% of GDP (including fish
and forestry); self-sufficient in food; principal crops--paddy
rice, corn, oilseed, sugarcane, pulses; world's largest
stand of hardwood trees; rice and teak account for 55% of
export revenues; 1985 fish catch of 644 million metric tons.
Illicit drugs: world's largest illicit producer of opium
poppy and minor producer of cannabis for the international
drug trade; opium production is on the increase as growers
respond to the collapse of Rangoon's antinarcotic programs.
Aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-88), $158 million;
Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
(1970-87), $3.8 billion; Communist countries (1970-88),
$424 million.
Currency: kyat (plural--kyats); 1 kyat (K) = 100 pyas.
Exchange rates: kyats (K) per US$1--6.5188 (January 1990),
6.7049 (1989), 6.3945 (1988), 6.6535 (1987), 7.3304 (1986),
8.4749 (1985).
Fiscal year: 1 April-31 March.